One of the well -known quotes: "In reality, parasites killed many more people than all wars in history".Surprising as a simple creature, sometimes unicellular, it is possible to stop the work of a large organism.People did not remain in debt.Methods have been developed that allow you to identify a parasitic invasion in the early stages and start treatment in a timely manner.The analyzes for parasites in adults can be approved both in a normal state hospital and in the laboratory of private clinics.
Which are parasites and how to identify them
Parasites are a numerous groups of organisms capable of existing only because of the owner's resources.They cannot live alone.Parasites in the human body are fixed on the skin (insects, ticks), in the gastrointestinal tract (ascarids, Pinworms).In the intestine, the most favorable environment for the vital activity of the parasite.There are also creatures that live in the lymphatic vessels (Filiria), on the mucous membranes of the internal organs (Timalatoda).To obtain a support point in the guest body, the worms and protozoa use twenty, hooks, clothespins, chitin plates or hard hair.
It is possible to determine the presence of parasites in the human body and in their colony, using the methods of modern laboratory diagnostics.Which tests should be carried out for parasites for the adult:
- Histological study of the feces.
- Serological studies (blood tests): immunosorbent analysis (Elisu), indirect emoticbugluination reaction (RNG), reaction of immunofluorescence (cliff method or Kuns), comprint bond reaction.
- PCR analysis.
Often diagnosis is difficult, because not all parasites have characteristic clinical manifestations and not all methods are equally sensitive.What is the name of the analysis that must be taken, the attending physician will say.It is often recommended to take a complete analysis for parasites.
What is the danger of parasites
The parasite invasions greatly exhaust human immunity.Immunity is one of the components of the body regulatory system.With immunodeficiency:
Be careful
According to statistics, over 1 billion people are infected with parasites.You could even suspect that you have become a victim of parasites.
It is easy to determine the presence of parasites in the body with a symptom - an unpleasant smell from the mouth.Ask your loved ones if you smell the mouth in the morning (before washing your teeth).In this case, with a 99%probability, you are infected with parasites.
The infection with parasites brings neurosis, quick effort, serious changes in the moods, more serious diseases begin further.
In menParasites cause: prostatitis, helplessness, adenoma, cystitis, sand, kidney stones and bladder.
In women: pain and inflammation of the ovary.Fibroma, myoma, fibrous acid mastopathy, inflammation of the adrenal glands, bladder and kidneys are developing.As well as the heart and cancer.
We immediately want to warn that it is not necessary to run in the pharmacy and buy expensive medicines, which, according to pharmacists, will affect all parasites.Most of the drugs are extremely ineffective, moreover, they cause serious damage to the body:
- The risk of virus infection increases;
- The level of antioxidant and anti -cancro protection is reduced;
- There is a violation of vascular permeability and malfunctions in the hematopoiesis.
Parasites can cause serious allergic reactions.
Elminants also have a direct harmful effect.They are attached to the internal organs with sharp hooks or plates, mechanically damaging the mucous membranes.The normal work of the body concerned is violated.
Elminto's activities damage the body at a molecular level.The insulin synthesis rate, growth factor and collagen is reduced.This leads to a slowdown in the processes of growth and physical development.The absorption in the small intestine also decreases.Parasitic infections are characterized by a small loss of chronic blood by affected organs.
Recent scientific studies have shown that worms in the intestine distinguish specific toxins that suppress cytokines' activities.These are molecules of information that regulate intercellular contacts.They provide information on the cell on the external environment.If there is free space, the cell can start the division.Blocking cytokines work can lead to the formation of a tumor.Cytokines also provide an agreed reaction of immune, nervous and hormonal systems to the action of foreign agents.
Reasons for the delivery of analysis for parasites
When infected with individual parasites, a person may not hear any symptoms.But over time, the number of helminths increases and the infection begins to manifest itself.It is necessary to carry out tests for parasites if there are symptoms such as abdominal pain of different location that can occur spontaneously or on palpation.
The nature of the symptoms depends on the type of parasites.The itching and combustion in the anal region cause Pinworms.Askarides causes serious allergic reactions and cramps abdominal pain.Lambia, Echinococci and Bicondumure influence the liver.They are often the cause of the obstruction of the biliary tract and colestasis (biliary stagnation), inflammation of the gallbladder.The stools light with drops of fat are one of the main signs of the liver and pancreas pathology.The symptom of the parasitic effect on the liver and the gallbladder is pain in the right hypocondry.
If many of the listed symptoms appear, it is necessary to go to the hospital to identify parasites in the body in time.It is necessary to perform regular preventive tests for parasites for children, people who live or work with animals.If the raw meat, with shots, slightly salty, the lard or the fish are regularly consumed for food, the risk of infection is very high.In this case, it is also necessary to be regularly checked to identify parasites.
Detailed cover
An histological cover is a microscopic study of the feces to detect eggs, larvae or traces of the vital activity of adults of parasites.The detailed analysis of the feces is a universal method for detecting intestinal eliminates (Pinworms, Ascaris, Akylost, plum -head).
How to make a fecal analysis.You need to buy a special sterile container in the pharmacy.It is full of fecal masses of a third volume.Before defecation, it is necessary to urinate so that the urine does not fall into the sample.The lid of the filled container is strictly twisted.
Biomaterial can be kept in the refrigerator for no more than 8 hours, after this time it is no longer suitable for research.A week before analysis, you have to stop taking any drugs, exclude fried and fatty dishes.On the eve of the fence of the material, it is not possible to put rectal candles, drink a laxative or focus.
The main disadvantage of the cover is low efficiency (about 35%).Elminants do not lay eggs every day.Therefore, the analysis of the feces for parasites must be taken three times with a 3-5 days interval.The disordered results can usually be obtained 4-6 days after delivery.
Scraping to parasites
A scraping or a strip from the anus area is taken only for the diagnosis of entertainable (Pinworms).The strip is taken in two ways:
- using a special spatula or cotton wool;
- With the help of an adhesive tape.
A spatula can be purchased in the pharmacy.The strip is removed around the anus and horse.The procedure can be performed at home or in a clinic.The fence of the material is carried out in the morning, before not being able to wash or hatch.If the scraping was made at home, the spatula must be placed in a container or a sealed bag and the same day delivered to the laboratory.The result of the analysis can be obtained tomorrow.To make an accurate diagnosis, the analysis for parasites must be sent several times in a row.
Blood tests
You can give blood on parasites.This is a universal object of laboratory research.By changing its composition, the pathologies inside the body can be judged.How to identify parasites, examine the blood, what tests are they donated?An immunosorbent analysis is carried out for antibodies and antigens, an indirect and immunofluorescence reaction.In an examination of the general blood, in the presence of parasitic infection in the body, the level of eosinophilic has increased.
Elisa
The immunoformal analysis (Elisa) allows you to determine the presence and concentration of immunoglobulin (antibodies) in the blood, which are produced in response to the invasion of foreign agents (antigens).IFA analysis is a highly sensitive method that allows you to identify antigens even in small quantities.With its help, you can carefully determine the type of parasites, the number of colonies and the stage of the process development.
Elisa for parasites in the human body is deciphered according to five classes of antibodies.To diagnose the elmintic invasion, there are quite immunoglobulins of three classes only:
- Immunoglobulin M (IGM).They are produced 4 days after the infection, present in the blood for 6 weeks.The presence of IGM indicates the intensive reproduction of foreign agents.
- Immunoglobulin g (IGG).They enter the blood flow of 20-28 days after the infection, can be present in the plasma for several months or years.The presence of IgG indicates the infection.
- Immunoglobulin A (IgA).They are produced two weeks after the penetration of pathogenic organisms, they disappear after 5-8 weeks.The presence of Iga indicates an infection or that the body is cleaning.
A blood sample for Elisa was spent in the morning on an empty stomach.
RNA
The reaction of indirect hemagguration is the most specific and sensitive of all serological methods.The reaction of red blood cells to the action of a variety of antigens is studied.Evaluate the nature and intensity of the rainfall of red blood cells.With a high and highly intense reaction, the bottom of the tube is covered with glued blood cells.The results of the analysis are deciphered by the attending physician.
Rnif
An indirect reaction of immunofluorescence allows you to identify a complex of antigen-anti-doduction.For this reason, a blood sample is treated with a special serum against immunoglobulins, which contains fluorochrome in the composition.Subsequently, the sample is studied under the fluorescent microscope.
The results are evaluated by the intensity of the yellow-green glow.High titles indicate the presence of elmintic invasion.The attending physician is engaged in decoding the results of the analysis.
RSK
An antibody with the corresponding antigen is made up of an immune complex that can contact a complement system.This is based on the RSK method (a complement bond reaction).If the antigen-anti-anti complex is not formed, the complement remains free.
RSK is used to diagnose the acute phase of parasitic diseases.
Diagnosis by pcr
The polymerase chain reaction is a modern and high preconal research method.With its help, you can diagnose the presence of viruses, bacteria, protozoa and intracellular parasites in the body.For analysis, blood and other biological fluids are suitable.
The result of the polymerase chain reaction is the decrypted DNA of the parasite.It is possible to carefully determine the type of pathogen.The disadvantage of the PCR is that it is impossible to discover the number of parasites and the stage of the development of the disease.
Conclusion
The analyzes for the identification of parasites must be made to each person.Regular exams will help to avoid enormous health problems that cause these small creatures.Which method of analysis is better to choose, the doctor will say it.